監管再出大招！這幾家保險“大到不能倒”！

10月20日，中國人民銀行會同金融監管總局制定的《系統重要性保險公司評估辦法》正式發布，旨在強化金融穩(wen)定保障體系，加強系統(tong)重(zhong)要性(xing)(xing)金融機(ji)構監管(guan)，建立系統(tong)重(zhong)要性(xing)(xing)保險公司評(ping)估與(yu)識別機(ji)制。《辦法》將于2024年(nian)1月1日(ri)起施行(xing)。

《辦法》進一步明確了評估指標和權重，包括規模、關聯度、資產變現和可替代性4個維度共計13項評估指標，4個(ge)維(wei)度的(de)權重分別為20%、30%、30%和20%。

《系統重要性保險公司評估辦法》出臺，意味著繼系統重要性銀行后，系統重要性保險公司評估與識別機制也已落地。

什么是系統重要性？是指金融機構因規模較大、結構和業務復雜度較高、與其他金融機構關聯性較強，在金融體系中提供難(nan)以(yi)替代的關(guan)鍵服務，一旦發生重大風險事件而無法持續經營，可能對金融體系和實體經濟產(chan)生不利(li)影響的程(cheng)度。

2018年11月，中國人民銀行、原銀保監會、證監會聯合印發《關于完善系統重要性金融機構監管的指導意見》，提出建立系統重要性金融機構特別處置機制，確保系統重要性金融機構發生重大風險時，能夠得到安全、快速、有效處置，保障其關鍵業務和服務不中斷，同時防范“大而不能倒”風險。

去年7月，中國人民銀行和原銀保監會曾就《系統重要性保險公司評估辦法（征求意見稿）》公開征求意見，《意見稿》指出，2021年末，我國保險業資產規模達到24.9萬億元，占金融業總資產的6.5%，是僅次于銀行業的第二大金融行業，同時也是全球第二大保險市場；保險業行業集中度（用前四位保險集團保費收入行業占比衡量）達到52%，高于我國銀行業，也高于歐美保險業。此外，我國部分大型(xing)保險集團復雜(za)性高(gao)、跨業經營(ying)特(te)征顯著(zhu)，“承保業務”和“投資業務”雙(shuang)輪驅動(dong)，與金融(rong)體系的關(guan)聯度較高(gao)。

據(ju)測算，當下8總(zong)財力萬億元左右的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)險(xian)(xian)裝(zhuang)修(xiu)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、及及總(zong)財力排民九和(he)(he)十(shi)的(de)(de)再(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)險(xian)(xian)裝(zhuang)修(xiu)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)及人(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)險(xian)(xian)裝(zhuang)修(xiu)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)或(huo)將擬入初評的(de)(de)10家(jia)險(xian)(xian)企全名單：健康投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、國壽投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、太保(bao)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)保(bao)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、安寧投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、泰康人(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)險(xian)(xian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、新華(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)險(xian)(xian)、消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)人(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)險(xian)(xian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、中再(zai)(zai)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)和(he)(he)陰光人(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)險(xian)(xian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)控(kong)股(gu)(gu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)。